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Abstract

 How effective is handwashing in reducing bacteria, Nosocomial or hospital acquired, bacterial infections have been recognized for decades as a perilous barrier to the optimization of any hospital’s health service quality. Numerous researches have concluded that no less than one third of all hospital-acquired infections are avoidable.

It is widely acknowledged that a substantial percentage of such infections are a product of cross-contamination, and the transmission of microorganisms through the hands of healthcare personnel, patients and patients’ attendants, is admittedly the focal method of spread of contamination. Inhibition of bacterial contagion due to microbial transmission and potential consequent infection necessitates appropriate frequent hand cleansing that may be accomplished through the washing or disinfection of hands.

The hygienic handwashing protocol thwarts hospital-based cross-infection and is purported to be a routine regulation that should be observed in all hospitals before and after each patient contact. However, multiple studies across the world have verified that adherence to these particular guidelines is demonstrably lacking amongst hospital healthcare staff.

The proposed project How effective is handwashing in reducing bacteria is an ambitious literature-based research Effective is handwashing in reducing bacterial infection with the objective to accumulate, quantify, scrutinize and evaluate evidence-based studies substantiating the efficacy of handwashing in a reduction of bacterial contamination and contagion. A confirmation of the viability of the practice of regular and procedurally correct handwashing, which is relatively easy to implement and observe, could potentially contribute to the reduction of the incidence of nosocomial bacterial infections and worsening of patient health.

Review background/context
Nosocomial infections are a global public health issue, with a considerably greater frequency in lower- and middle income countries (15.5%) as compared to United States of America (4.5%) and Europe (7.1%) (Allegranzi et al., 2011). Hospital-acquired infections contribute to an estimated 1.4 million deaths worldwide (Redelmeier&Shafir, 2015). Intensive care units are the most significant locations where patients are susceptible to hospital-acquired infections.

The International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium released a report demonstrating that ventilator-related pneumonia is 15 times more likely, and catheter-related urinary tract infections are 4 times more probable in poorly resourced surroundings as compared to hospitals with appropriate protocols to eradicate cross-contamination…