Deepfake and Real Image Detection

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1Introduction

The advent of deep learning and neural network technology has had a profound impact on several fields, including image processing and computer vision. One of the crucial applications of neural networks is the production of realistic visuals, which has accelerated the development of deep fakes. Images or movies that appear real but are fakes are modified or synthesized using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. The topic of deep fakes and actual images produced by neural networks is examined in this paper, along with its background, challenges, and implications (Rossler et al., 2019).

1.1Background of the Study

Images have long been changed using editing programs like Adobe Photoshop. Specific areas of an image were altered using methods like airbrushing, cloning, and retouching. While these techniques might produce results that were realistic, they had limitations when it came to creating wholly new content or manipulating photos in a dynamic way that was automated. Face swapping is the manual replacement of one person’s face in a photograph or video with the face of another person. In order to use this method, facial landmarks had to be lined up, skin tones had to be changed, and the swapped face had to be merged with the surrounding characteristics. Face swapping was technically possible with programs like Face Off Max, but it frequently required human changes to produce a smooth appearance. Morphing techniques involved blending two or more images together to create a smooth transition between them. This technique was commonly used for transforming one person’s face into another or creating gradual changes in an image. Morphing software, such as Sqirlz Morph, allowed users to define corresponding points on different images and generate a sequence of intermediate frames. Computer-generated imagery (CGI) techniques were used to create entirely synthetic images or add virtual elements to real images or videos. CGI required 3D modeling, texturing, and rendering techniques to generate realistic objects, backgrounds, or characters. While CGI provided powerful tools for creating visually stunning effects, it required significant manual work and specialized software…