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Table of Contents
Intersectionality in Sociology.
Intersectional Approach in Social Work.
Sociological Theories Helps in Understanding the Social Society and Behaviour
Executive Summary
This project illustrates the sociological theories in practice. In order to analyze the community development, there are different approaches as well as models have been discussed in this project. As there are numbers of concepts of sociology but the main concept of sociology that is “intersectionality” has been widely discussed in this project. Furthermore, this project puts light on the intersectional approach in social work. In addition, various sociological theories have also been discussed in this project such as; feminist theory, social learning theory, conflict theory, functionalist theory, critical theory, symbolic interaction theory, labeling theory, and communal phenomenology. At the end of this project, a short conclusion has also been given.
Introduction
The study of social interactions and society is known as “sociology”. It is derived from the word “socius” that means an accompanying person. There are many different methods and concepts in the study of sociology and those methods and concepts apply to the real social world by sociologists. Sociologists studied various concepts as well as theories of social community subsequently they develop sociological theories to explain that what output can obtain from those theories (Allan 2006). The studies of sociological theories provide a viewpoint in order to observe the community development and are very helpful in understanding as well as predict the social community where people live. There are many approaches that have been researched by the sociologists in order to develop the community. One of them is intersectionality. The sociological theory of intersectionality arose from feminist learning and argued that race, gender as well as a class are interrelated as intersecting tyranny (Crenshaw, 1989).
Intersectionality in Sociology
In order to develop the community development, intersectionality can be defined as the conventional intersectional study of the trilogy, these are; race, class, and gender. The intersectional approach of social statuses like religion, sexuality, age, and ethnicity has also been included in the theory of intersectionality (Prins, 2006; Choo and Ferree, 2010).
In accordance with the sociological literature, there are three intersectional approaches that can be classified as follows; the inclusion model, the relational model, and systematic model. Inclusion model focuses on giving value to the experiences and perceptions of disabled low wage men. In the view of Choo and Ferree (2010), the inclusion model’s focal point is to introduce previously marginalized groups. This approach is considered to be as “intra-categorical approach”, which means to focus on a solitary social development of the community. Adia Harvey Wingfield (2009) highlighted the practices of a marginal group of men in nursing. Furthermore, Christine Williams researched that how men are dominated by women in order to ride the glass escalator. However, Wingfield’s study shows that how gender interrelates in order to limit the capacity of minority men through the glass escalator. Though, inclusion model stated that nowadays community can develop by diverse statuses.
sociological theory The relational model is also known as a process model. This is a structural based process, which demonstrates change when different statuses assemble. This model considers both conditions that how race and gender affect each other (Choo and Ferree, 2010). As stated by McCall (2005), this is an “inter-categorical approach”, which focuses in order to identify the relationship between multiple statuses. For example, research shows that felony records badly impact the black men as compared to white men in an entry level of job openings (Pager, 2003). White men itself identify the reason that why felony record has less effect on the employment opportunities for them. Therefore, relational models can also identify the related advantages and disadvantages. However, felony record was interacting with race in order to create intersectional experiences and practices. In a relational model, the race has its own simultaneously effect on employment opportunities (McCall, 2005).
sociological theory Systematic model is also known as “anti-categorical approach”. This model treats with all categories in the same way. The concept of community arises where people work in a group with shared value. Comparatively, if there will be any problems arise among the relationships as well as statuses, they comprise each other with mutual understanding (Ken, 2010). Instead of intersection many of the researchers use the terms race, gender, and class as well as identify their relationships. In the view of Choo and Ferree (2010), researchers take complex approaches in order to understand race, gender, and class as well as statuses as analytical inequality. In this approach, the race is always used with a class, gender, and sexuality. Consequently, on the basis of some circumstances perceptive and performances of statuses become change…
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