1.    Introduction

1.1           An Overview of the Topic  

After the beginning of the twenty-first century, the relationship between state authority and communicational liberty has become one of the most extensively studied subjects in both political and communication sciences. Media is very crucial in democratic politics, as shown by its function as an arm of the government commonly known as the fourth estate. But in autocratic societies and in societies that are going through a rough political transition, media becomes an armed area where the state WANTS to exert more censorship on information that is being disseminated to the public. This dissertation aims at exploring such a scenario in Russia, a country that has its own story of regulating media and censorship, especially in the recent political backdrop (Kwei 2022).

1.2           Importance of the Study

Russia launched what it called a “special military operation” in Ukraine on February 24, 2022, which had a profound effect on international relations and the political landscape worldwide. After that, a number of harsh restrictive measures in the media concerning the war were enacted in Russia. These measures have had significant consequences for independent journalism in Russia, covering the product of journalism and operations and journalists’ safety. This article is relevant to the literature….

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