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Introduction

What is a plasmid?

Gel Electrophoresis A plasmid is a circular double stranded structure of DNA molecule which is separate from a cell’s own chromosomal DNA. Plasmids are found in bacteria, yeast and some eukaryotic organisms. Plasmids range from a few thousand base pairs to 100 kilobases (kb). When an organism containing plasmid divides, the plasmid is also replicated before every cellular division. Plasmids exist in a symbiotic relationship with their host.

They provide some benefit to the host especially resistance from antibiotics. Drug resistance plasmids make their host resistance to the mechanisms of several drugs. Plasmids also contain transfer genes which code for certain proteins and can be transferred from one organism of the same species to another. Gel electrophoresis

This transfer results in wide spread resistance of the bacteria or other species to a drug in a certain setting such as a hospital (Wilson and Hunt, 2002).

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Spectrophotometric analysis of DNA

The amount of nucleic acid in a sample can be checked by the use of UV spectrophotometry. DNA and RNA both absorb UV light effectively which makes it possible for the analysis to detect the presence of nucleic acid even if the concentration is extremely low.

The spectrophotometric analysis uses the principle that nucleic acids absorb UV light in a specific pattern and if present, the emergent rays striking the photodetector will be less than the incidence rays and hence produce a higher optical density. The value of the optical density obtained will depend on the concentration of the DNA or RNA present in the sample (Huss, Festl, and Schleifer, 1983)…